Why Water Can Be Challenging for Autistic People
Water—something so basic, so essential for fun and safety. But for some autistic people, water can feel overwhelming, even terrifying.
Our son Beckett’s story is one many families share: they love the pool, the beach, or a dip in the lake, but the idea of water touching their face (let alone submerging it) can be impossible. This is often rooted in a sensory overload or a mismatch between the way water feels and how the brain processes it. But it’s not just a quirky preference—it’s something real that can affect day-to-day experiences, from bath time to swimming lessons.
So why is water such a challenge for many on the autism spectrum? Let’s dive in.
Sensory Sensitivities
Autism often comes with heightened or different sensory processing, meaning a child might find certain sensations overwhelming. Water on the skin, especially on the face or in the eyes, can feel too intense. This discomfort might stem from:
The temperature of the water (too cold or too warm).
The texture of water hitting the skin (especially in the face or ears).
The pressure or force of water (such as from a splash or wave).
The feeling of wet hair or getting water in the eyes.
All of these sensations may cause anxiety, discomfort, or even panic for some children.
Fear of the Unknown
Water poses its own set of challenges. Not being able to see beneath the surface, or feeling unsure about how deep the water is, can trigger fear and hesitation. This can be even more pronounced for those on the spectrum, where unfamiliar situations might feel more intimidating than they would for neurotypical kids. The fear of submerging one's face might be connected to not knowing what will happen when their face is fully in the water, making it an impossible task to even try.
Lack of Control
Autistic individuals often seek control in their environment, and water can feel unpredictable. The force of waves, changing depths, or even the sensation of floating can feel out of control. This loss of control can make water activities overwhelming, as the brain may struggle to process and manage those sensory inputs.
Communication Barriers
For some children, expressing why water is uncomfortable is a struggle. Autistic kids might not have the words to describe their feelings of discomfort or distress, leaving their frustration to manifest as refusal to participate in water activities.
Understanding why water is such a challenge for some autistic individuals is the first step in making swimming a more enjoyable experience. It’s not just about preference—it’s a sensory experience that requires patience and understanding.
